Category Archives: essays

Why China Succeeds and India Lags Behind

National Unity as the Engine of ProgressIn the modern imagination, China and India often appear side by side—two populous ancient civilizations with booming economies, rich histories, and vast potential. Yet their trajectories over the past century diverge sharply. China has surged ahead, transforming itself into the world’s factory, a global infrastructure builder, and a formidableContinueContinue reading “Why China Succeeds and India Lags Behind”

Poor Expats and Rich Immigrants

On the semantics of class, race, and power in two innocent-sounding words Two people leave their homelands and settle in foreign countries. Both live long-term abroad. Neither is returning anytime soon. One is called an expat. The other, a migrant. The words are supposed to mean the same thing: someone living outside their country ofContinueContinue reading “Poor Expats and Rich Immigrants”

Ethical Declarations of Four Major Language Models

Ethical Declarations of Four Major Language Models: ChatGPT, Claude, Grok, and DeepSeekAs artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integrated into our lives, the moral principles behind language models are shaping not just their answers but the very nature of human-machine interaction. This article offers imagined “ethical declarations” for four well-known large language models—ChatGPT, Claude, Grok, and DeepSeek—toContinueContinue reading “Ethical Declarations of Four Major Language Models”

Meanings and Vectors: How Language Models Work

If you’ve ever used Excel, you’re already halfway to understanding how language models like GPT or DeepSeek work. These models are like hyper-advanced Excel spreadsheets: they turn words into numbers, spot patterns, and generate human-like text. In this guide, we’ll break it down using simple analogies—no math, no jargon. 1. Tokenization: Breaking Text into RowsImagineContinueContinue reading “Meanings and Vectors: How Language Models Work”

Refuting the Poverty of Stimulus Argument

Abstract The debate concerning the origins of human language juxtaposes the theory of universal grammar (UG), which asserts an innate linguistic framework, against the perspective that language emerges through pattern recognition shaped by exposure. A cornerstone of UG, as articulated by Noam Chomsky, is the argument from poverty of stimulus (hereafter PSA), which contends thatContinueContinue reading “Refuting the Poverty of Stimulus Argument”

Tariff and Paper Tigers

History has a way of marking the fall of great powers before they even realize they have fallen. The most telling sign is not military defeat or economic stagnation but something far more subtle—tariffs. When an alleged empire begins implementing tariffs, you know it is no longer an empire. Tariffs are barriers, walls erected toContinueContinue reading “Tariff and Paper Tigers”

Reverse-Engineering an LLM

screenshot 1 1. What Does the Stolen Copy Include? Model Weights: The stolen copy would likely include the model’s weights (parameters), which are the numerical values that define how the model processes input data and generates output. Architecture: The architecture of the model (e.g., the number of layers, attention heads, etc.) might also be included,ContinueContinue reading “Reverse-Engineering an LLM”

My Dialogue with DeepSeek

Me: if you have an open source AI model, you can run it locally on your own GPU or GPUs. use a company, or a small country as an example, explain this to me. DeepSeek: Sure! Let’s break this down using a small country as an example to explain how running an open-source AI modelContinueContinue reading “My Dialogue with DeepSeek”